You will first experience abdominal pains due to uterine contractions for a late threatened miscarriage (after week 13). Then you may notice some vaginal bleeding. Before we delve into the medications, let’s briefly go through the steps to take after you experience symptoms of late threatened miscarriage. Visit your gynecologist immediately to assess for fetal heartbeat. If the heartbeat is…
Premature Ovarian Insufficiency and Recurrent Miscarriage Premature ovarian insufficiency or primary ovarian insufficiency refers to women who have deteriorating ovarian functions before the age of 40. Your ovaries stop producing healthy amounts of estrogen and release irregular and low quantities of eggs. The low level of estrogen can cause thinning of the endometrium (lining of the uterus). A healthy and…
Intrauterine Adhesions Introduction Intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) are the formation of scar tissues between the front and back inner walls of the uterus. The scar tissues forms after the stratum basalis get damaged. Stratum basalis is one of the two endometrium layers that a uterus has. The other endometrium layer is the stratum functionalis. Stratum Basalis Stratum Functionalis Position Positioned…
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex but common ovarian disorder among women in their reproductive years (between 18-40), affecting about 10-12% of women in this age group. PCOS affects how a woman’s ovaries normally work. Because of the hormonal imbalances, the ovaries release eggs irregularly and sometimes not at all. It may also cause the eggs…
Hypnobirthing – An alternative to the delivery of your baby at Antai Hospital The delivery process is assumed as one of the most painful experiences in women’s life. Nevertheless, the childbirth process could be an ecstatic and memorable lifetime event for women and their families. Most women have a fear of labor, and they opt for pharmacological pain relief. Women…
Hyperemesis Gravidarum: Constant Nausea and Violent Vomiting Introduction: Hyperemesis Gravidarum is a pregnancy-associated disorder that is both severe and violent and can potentially lead to fetal and maternal morbidity. During pregnancy, it is very common to develop pregnancy-associated nausea and mild vomiting symptoms. This is the more common and harmless condition known as “morning sickness”. Unfortunately, due to the similarity…
Massive Ovarian Cysts & Recurrent Miscarriage – Antai Hospital Massive Ovarian Cysts (MOCs) or Giant Ovarian Cysts (GOCs) are benign growths of the ovary presenting with diameters more than 10cm. The cysts, although massive, are not associated with cancer, nor will they develop into any other form of cancer. However, they are associated with recurrent miscarriage and potential infertility, making…
Infertility is when someone is unable to have children. It can be defined as the engagement of the normal sexual life of a couple, without any contraceptive measures for a period of 12-months and achieving zero pregnancies. This scenario is widely accepted as the definition of infertility. Infertility is caused by male factors, female factors, and common factors of both…
Miscarriage Management: D&C and Hysteroscopy – Antai Hospital D&C Introduction Dilation and Curettage are currently one of the most practiced gynecological procedures, where its primary function is to retrieve a terminated pregnancy from the uterine cavity. The pregnant patient will have the pregnancy or products of conception removed from the endometrial cavity trying to avoid removing tissue beyond the decidua…
Uterine Fibroids: Diagnosis & Treatment – Antai Hospital Uterine fibroids (UFs), also known as uterine leiomyomas, are benign neoplasms of the uterus that affect women of reproductive age in their 20s, 30s, and 40s. They may be asymptomatic or cause a range of severe and chronic symptoms. The most common presenting symptom is heavy menstrual bleeding, which can lead to…
Adenomyosis: Cause & Treatment – Antai Hospital Introduction Adenomyosis is a common condition of the female reproductive system, specifically, it affects the uterus. Displace tissue of the endometrium is now growing inside the muscle wall of the uterus, in the form of multiple adenomyomas or lesions. Tiny brown ball-like tissues carry all the properties of endometrial tissues, so they are…
Luteal Phase Deficiency: Diagnosis & Treatment – Antai Hospital Introduction Luteal phase Deficiency, also known as Luteal Phase Defect, is a disorder of the corpus luteum located inside the ovaries. Broadly speaking, it refers to an abnormality in the luteal phase: the secretion of progesterone by the corpus luteum. For this reason, LPD is also referred to as Corpus Luteum…