Overview
An anti-embryonic antibody is a type of antinuclear antibody (ANA) that is the distinct indication and diagnosis method for recurrent immunological miscarriage, which is also an internationally patented, recognized technology and discovery of Antai Hospital. Patent details are shown below, click in to read more:
- United States of America – Patent No: US7674590B2 (9th March 2010)
- European Union – Patent No: EP1722225B1 (20th Sept 2009)
- People’s Republic of China – Patent No: CN100504388C (24th June 2009)
The founder of Antai Hospital: Dr Chen Fenglin has spent over 20 years of clinical research which led to this groundbreaking discovery in the field of recurrent early miscarriage treatment. With our patented diagnosis and treatment, Antai Hospital has treated over 400-500 patients on a yearly basis, with incredible results.
The Antai immunology testing method is exclusively only available in Antai Hospital. The immunology tests offered by other clinics are not the same as Antai’s anti embryonic antibody test. Otherwise, it could be either a copyright infringement or some other type of immunology test.
What is an anti-embryonic antibody?
An antibody is generated by the immune system that identifies and attacks foreign material (bacteria, virus, etc), known as antigens. These antibodies are highly specific and unique to many different types of antigens, up to millions. This is how your immune system keeps you safe and healthy from foreign threats, a form of immunity known as Humoral Immunity or Antibody-Mediated Immunity.
Where most antibodies are specific to foreign proteins (antigen), some antibodies are specific to cell nuclei i.e the chromosomes (antigen) inside the nucleus. These are known as antinuclear antibodies (ANAs). Anti-embryonic antibodies are a type of ANAs, which develops in the mother’s body if she has a history of the following:
- Induced Abortions (67%)
- Unexplained infertility (possible indication of chemical pregnancies)
- Multiple failed IVFs
- Childbirth (C-section or Natural birth)
- Engaging in intercourse during menses period
How do they develop and affect your pregnancies?
During the early stage of the pregnancy, all the cells in the embryo are rapidly undergoing cell division and gene expression, carrying out their specific functions to develop and grow the embryo as fast as possible.
At this stage of embryonic development, chromosome 2 has a very high nuclear activity, as it contains the FN (fibronectin) encoding genes which are responsible for the synthesis of the Fibronectin Layer. This is a very crucial part of the development of the embryo, as it serves as an immunological barrier, protecting the fetus from the mother’s immune system.
So when the fetal cells are exposed to and entered the opened uterine veins of the mother, they develop a type of antinuclear-antibodies known as anti-embryonic antibodies that are specific to Chromosome No.2 containing the FN encoding gene.
In your next/subsequent pregnancies, these anti-embryonic antibodies already present in the body will penetrate the membranes of the embryonic cell and bind with chromosome 2 inside its nucleus which is in the rapid division. This leads to the fibronectin layer on the outer layer of the fetal cells to ceases formation and growth, slowly withering away, exposing the embryo to the mother’s immune system, leading to an immunological early miscarriage. If left untreated, it will lead to recurrent immunological miscarriages.
To reiterate, a mother is highly likely to develop Anti-Embryonic Antibodies if she has undergone a procedure of induced abortions amongst other aforementioned factors. These antibodies develop because the fetal cells are exposed to the mother’s bloodstream and they target chromosome 2 of the embryonic cells during its rapid development, causing the damage and cease of formation of the outer protective fibronectin layer. This chain of reactions leads to the eventual immuno-miscarriage.
How do we screen for anti-embryonic antibodies?
To diagnose immunological recurrent miscarriage, a sample of your blood will be acquired for a blood test and screening will be done via ELISA.
- If the levels of antinuclear antibodies in your blood are higher than 1:64, it is considered a positive result.
- If the levels of antinuclear antibodies in your blood are lower than 1:64, it is considered a negative result.
Over the years, our professionals at Antai Hospital have constantly developed and improved and successfully managed to bring the specificity and sensitivity of the test into a low confidence interval width of 0.1, with minimal errors.
It is important to note that the results of the blood test only serve as supplementary information, the final diagnosis of your condition still lies on the doctor. He/She will make an informed and accurate decision based on not only the blood test results, but also your symptoms, medical history, current medical conditions, and other factors.
If you do test negative for anti-embryonic antibodies, then we will further proceed with further diagnosis to accurately assess and determine the cause/causes of your recurrent miscarriage and unexplained infertility depending on whether it is single-factor or multiple factors.
Indication
You are highly recommended to be tested for anti-embryonic antibodies if you have a history of recurrent miscarriage or have undergone an induced abortion procedure before. Otherwise, you may also opt to get tested for self-assurance.
Things to take note of:
- Only the mother’s blood is required to be drawn for the blood test.
- 5ml of venous blood is required, no fasting is required. (should avoid fatty foods before blood test)
- Results of the blood test can be confirmed on the day itself.
- Your doctor will be an accurate medical decision based on factors such as the outcome of your blood test, symptoms, the nature of your history of miscarriages i.e., single-factor, multi-factor, or complex miscarriages, etc.
- If you are diagnosed with immunological recurrent miscarriage, you can opt for a contractual treatment that offers a full refund policy with Antai Hospital.
Please contact us or arrange a consultation with us today for more information.