Massive Ovarian Cysts & Miscarriage – Antai Hospital
A fluid-filled sac in the ovarian tissue is known as an ovarian cyst. A cyst is defined as a fluid filled sac that is bigger than 5 cm in diameter. Giant ovarian cyst itself is defined as a cyst >10 cm in diameter from radiological examination or the size of the cyst exceeds the umbilicus. Despite this, many ovarian cysts develop during the hormonally active stages of childhood and adolescence. Most are functional in nature and resolve without treatment. Ovarian cysts, on the other hand, can signal an underlying malignant process or, more likely, divert the clinician’s attention away from a more dangerous illness, such as appendicitis, ovarian torsion, or ectopic pregnancy. When ovarian cysts become large, painful, or persistent, or when radiographic or exam findings are alarming, surgery may be required, and depending on the severity of the condition, the affected ovary may be removed. Ovarian cysts can develop at any age, however they are more common during the reproductive years and are more common in menarcheal females due to endogenous hormone production.
Ovarian cyst frequency increased with age as adolescence progressed, ranging from 3.8%–31.3%. With a rate of 31.3 percent, the peak age for ovarian cysts was 15 years. Many simple ovarian cysts are asymptomatic and only discovered on ultrasound by chance. Ovarian cysts that are larger might produce discomfort and pressure feelings. A cyst that has been torn usually causes considerable pain and manifests as an acute abdomen. An ovarian torsion can occur in prepubescent girls without any adnexal disease.
Ovarian cysts if left for long, tend to grow larger over time, and affect your menstrual cycles, causing irregularities. Furthermore, upon a pregnancy, it exerts immense pressure and restriction in the development of the fetus, leading to a high risk pregnancy and a potential pressure induced miscarriage. Due to the competition of blood-flow and nutrition, the pregnancy becomes malnourished and egg cells released during ovulation are of poorer quality.
Diagnosis
The main imaging modality for evaluating ovarian and adnexal masses is ultrasonography (US), which allows accurate identification in approximately 90% of cases. It has the advantage of being available, inexpensive, easy to perform (especially when in the hands of an experienced operator), and has no ionising radiation.
Diagnosis can be done via:
- pelvic ultrasound
- 4D-Color Doppler Ultrasound
- MRI
- CT-scan
- Blood test checking for tumor markers (CA125, CA199)
Symptoms
Adolescents with a symptomatic ovarian mass include abdominal pain, menstrual disturbances, and an enlarged abdomen. Other complications can be accompanied by signs and symptoms that lead to compression, such as nausea, vomiting, weight loss or increased frequency of urination, urinary retention due to cysts pressing on the ureteral tract which can cause hydronephrosis, compression of the rectum so that the patient is constipated and dyspnea, torsion, intestinal infection or obstruction, and constitute a surgical emergency
Key signs:
- Bulging abdomen
- Immense pressure in pelvic region
- Pain in the abdominals (front and both)
Treatment
Here at Antai Hospital, we remove massive ovarian cysts using the highly effective 3D-Laparoscopic technique. Once the surgeon has made the proper incision and has visually identified the cysts, the first step is to begin the removal of the cysts’ liquid content and avoid any leakage into the pelvic cavity. A syringe needle is used to suction out the contents of the cysts. As the liquid has been sucked out completely, the cysts are removed using an endopouch specimen retrieval bag, and ligation will be conducted to seal the incision.
If you would like to seek effective treatment for MOCs that comes with a full refund guaranteed, and also to secure full-term healthy pregnancies. Get in touch with us today to arrange a consultation and discuss how we can help you restore your health and assist in your pregnancy journey.